Strengths and Differences: Understanding Autism in Women & Girls

As our understanding of autism expands, it’s crucial to recognise that autistic traits and characteristics can be expressed in many different ways, as everyone is individual. Research has shown that the experiences of autistic women and girls can be different from traditional understandings of autism. Historically, the focus on presentations, often considered more typical of males, has led to the underrepresentation and misunderstanding of autistic females.

Differences in Characteristics

Autistic women and girls often express their neurodivergence in more subtle ways than their male counterparts. While boys may display more overt traits, girls frequently develop strong masking abilities. By observing and mimicking neurotypical behaviours, many autistic girls can navigate social situations in ways that conceal some of the challenges they face. While this adaptability is commendable, the act of masking can lead to exhaustion and emotional strain. Additionally, other autistic characteristics can also be more subtle. For example, their interests often align with those of their neurotypical peers, such as animals, art, skincare, human sciences, or reading. Differences in non-verbal communication, like eye contact, body language, and voice intonation, can often be less noticeable, especially in adults. Variations in play are typically more subtle; some women and girls may be highly socially motivated, forming several close friendships, particularly when they share interests. They often display fewer, more discreet, repetitive behaviours. Differences in flexibility may manifest as perfectionism, compliance, and anxiety related to change. Furthermore, they tend to internalise experiences, such as sensory differences, making them less visible to others.

Potential Challenges

1. The Burden of Masking: The practice of masking—where individuals hide their authentic selves to conform to social norms—can lead to emotional fatigue and increased stress. Prolonged masking can result in burnout, which may manifest as anxiety and depression.

   
   

2. Social Connections: Forming and maintaining friendships can be particularly challenging. Autistic girls may find it difficult to navigate social cues, leading to feelings of isolation and disconnection from peers.

   
   

3. Heightened Anxiety: Many autistic girls experience increased anxiety, especially in social situations. The ongoing effort to maintain a neurotypical façade can amplify these feelings.

   
   

4. Underdiagnosis and Misunderstanding: Due to the often subtle presentation of autism in girls, many may remain undiagnosed or misdiagnosed with other conditions. This can limit access to crucial resources and support, impacting their overall well-being.

Unique Strengths

Despite these challenges, autistic women and girls possess many strengths and qualities. Some examples include:

1. Attention to Detail: Many autistic girls demonstrate remarkable attention to detail. This skill not only enhances their performance in artistic and academic pursuits but also allows for creative solutions that might go unnoticed by others.

   
   

2. Empathy and Sensitivity: Autistic girls often have a profound capacity for empathy. Their unique perspectives allow them to connect with others on an emotional level, fostering deep and meaningful relationships.

   
   

3. Strong Commitment: When autistic girls engage with their interests, they often immerse themselves fully, showcasing dedication and producing impressive outcomes. Their sustained focus can lead to exceptional expertise in their chosen fields.

   
   

4. Innovative Problem-Solving: The distinctive ways of thinking that come with neurodiversity enable many autistic girls to approach problems creatively and innovate, contributing refreshing ideas and perspectives to their communities.

Conclusion

While the journeys of autistic women and girls can include challenges, often associated with navigating neurotypical environments and expectations, it is extremely important to emphasise the unique strengths and qualities that being neurodivergent offers. Acknowledging and understanding these differences is essential for providing meaningful support and resources.